PROSPECTUS
| NAME OF COURSE : |
Master of Science in Medical Biochemistry |
| QUALIFICATIONS / ELIGIBILITY : |
B.Sc. (All Streams) |
| DURATION : |
6 Semester |
| FEES : |
First Semester - Rs.20000 |
Second Semester - Rs.20000 |
Third Semester - Rs.20000 |
| Fourth Semester - Rs.20000 |
Fifth Semester - Rs.20000 |
Sixth Semester - Rs.20000 |
| EXAMINATION FEE |
Rs. 1500 per Semester/Year |
| HOSTEL FEE |
Rs. 40000 Non AC Facility/Year |
| HOSTEL FEE |
Rs. 60000 for AC Facility/Year |
| Re-EXAMINATION FEE |
Rs. 250 per Paper/Subject |
Syllabus
ANATOMY
Theory
| a) General Anatomy – Basic Principles |
b) General Histology – Basic Principles |
c) Systemic Histology |
| d) General Embryology – Basic Principles |
e) Systemic Embryology |
f) A brief account of gross Anatomy of various organs of the following systems:
i) Respiratory system
ii) Circulatory system
iii) Alimentary system
iv) Excretory system
v) Nervous system
vi) Special sensory organs
vii) Endocrine glands
|
| g) Medical Genetics – Basic Principles |
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
A. GENERAL ANATOMY: Grant’s Method of Anatomy: Scientific Book Agency, Calcutta/
B. SYSTEMIC ANATOMY: Human Anatomy: By Inderbir Singh, Vol.I, II and III, MacMillan India Ltd., Madras
C. HISTOLOGY: Histology by Arrey: Kothari Publications, Bombay
D. EMBRYOLOGY: Hunan Embryology: By Inderbir Singh, Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi
E. GENETICS IN MEDICINE: Thompson J.S., Thompson M.W., Saunders, Philadelhpia.
SYLLABUS FOR PHYSIOLOGY FOR M.Sc. (MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY)
THEORY:
1. Introductory Principles - Structure of cell and cell membrane, composition of intracellular and extracellular fluid, transport of substances across cell membrane, resting membrane potential.
2. Body fluid and blood - Body fluid – Body fluid compartments, composition + size, capillary – structure and filtration across capillary wall. pH and buffer system, principle of homeostasis. Body – Composition of blood, plasma proteins, bone marrow, erythrocytes – formation and fate, anaemia, jaundice, white blood cell, immune mechanism, platelets, haemostasis, blood types and blood transfusion.
3. Nerve and muscle - Nerve – Structure of neuron, excitability, action potential, conduction of nerve impulse, nerve fibre type, skeletal muscle – structure, cross bridge theory, types of muscle contraction – neuromuscular transmission – heart muscle – structure, electrophysiology, properties of cardiac muscle. Smooth muscle – structure, types – electrophysiology.
4. Renal Physiology - Cross and ultrastructure of nephron, glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and secretion, clearance, water excretion – counter current multiplier and exchanger, renal role in acid base balance, renal failure, mechanism and regulation of miturition.
5. Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology
a) Endocrine pancreas: Functional anatomy of islets, actions of insulin and insulin deficiency, regulation of insulin secretion, glucagon.
b) Physiology of bone: Vit. D and Parathyroid, Calcium metabolism, Physiology of bone formation and destruction. Vit. D, parathyroid hormone – actions and effects of deficiency.
c) Neuroendocrinology: Hypothalamo-hypophyseal unit. Pituitary and pituitary hormones – Growth actions of growth hormone, effects of excess and deficiency of growth hormone, regulation of growth hormone secretion. Prolactin, post pituitary hormone – oxytocin and vasopressin.
d) Adrenal Gland: Adrenal corticoids – actions, effects of excess and deficiency of cortisol aldosterone. Regulation of secretion of aldosterone. Adrenal medulla – Catecholamines – actions, regulation of secretion.
e) Thyroid: Functional anatomy: Synthesis, storage and release of thyroid hormones, acting of thyroid hormones, regulation of thyroid hormone secretion, thyroid dysfunction/
f) Reproductive Physiology: Sex differentiation and development, puberty. Male reproduction system – functional anatomy; spermatogenesis, testosterone – actions, regulation of testosterone secretion. Female reproductive system – Menstrual cycle, ovarian hormones, control of ovarian functions, pregnancy, fetoplacental unit – lactation – physiology of contraception.
6. Cardiovascular system - Functional anatomy of heart, genesis and spread of cardiac impulse, basic E.C.G., cardiac cycle, heart sound, cardiac output, nervous control of heart rate and cardiac output, heart lung preparation – Sterling’s law, ventricular function. Principles of haemodynamics, systemic arteries, veins and capillaries, blood pressure; regulation of blood pressure – cardiac and cardiovascular reflexes. Regional circulation – coronary, pulmonary cerebral and skeletal muscle circulation.
7. Respiratory system - Functional anatomy of air-passages and lung, respiratory muscles, mechanics of respiration – intrapleural and airway pressures, compliance and surfactant; lung volumes and capacities dead space, alveolar ventilation transport of gasses – O2 dissociation and CO2 dissociation curves. Gas exchange – diffusion and gases across alveolo-capillary membrane, ventilation – perfusion ratio, control of breathing – neural and chemical, hypoxia, cyanosis.
8. G.I. system
i) Mastication and swallowing, salivary secretion and its regulation.
ii) Regulation of gastric secretion and motility.
iii) Biomechanism of secretion, function and regulation of bile secretion.
iv) Intestinal secretion and motility – regulation (including defecation).
9. Nervous system - General role of nervous system is causing appropriate response to environmental stimuli, concept of reflex and voluntary action. Sensory system: Receptors, afferent pathways, cortical sensory areas for somaesthetic sensation. E.E.G. consciousness and sleep. Motor system: Reflexes – stretch reflexes, withdrawal reflex and other reflexes. Corticospinal and extra pyramidal system – neuroanatomy, function and dysfunction; regulation of posture and locomotion (spinal shock, decerebrate rigidity, postural reflexes); cerebellum and basal ganglia. Visceral control – Neuroanatomy of autonomic nervous system – regulation of visceral activity from spinal and supraspinal (medullary and hypothalamic) centres, regulation of body temperatures. Emotion + behaviour – Neuro-anatomy of limbic system; feeding behaviour; drinking behaviour; sexual behaviour; emotional behaviour (fear, anxiety, rage, etc.). Higher cortical functions – Learning and memory; speech.
10. Special senses - Physiology in brief of vision – structure of eye, errors of refraction – Functions of refractory media, retina – optic pathway. Auditory sense; structure and functions of external, middle and internal ear. Role of basila membrane in hearing – auditory pathway. Taste and olfaction – Receptors, pathway.
TEXT BOOKS AND REFERENCE BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Human physiology: A. J. Vander, J. H. Sherman, D. S. Luciano, Tata Megraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi.
2. Concise Medical Physiology: S. K. Chaudhuri, New central Book Agency, 8/1, Chintamoni Daslane, Culcutta -9
3. BDS Text book of Physiology and Biochemistry; G.H. Bell, D. Emsilie-Smith, C.R. Peterson Churchill Livingstone.
4. Review of medical Physiology – W. E. Ganong, Prentice Hall international Inc.
COURSE CONTENT IN M. Sc. (Medical Biochemistry) I YEAR
THEORY:
1. Introduction to Biochemistry
2. Overview of the Chemistry of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins constituent amino acids, nucleic acids and nucleo proteins.
3. Enzymes, coenzymes, specificity of enzymes, factors influencing enzyme activity, mechanisms and regulation of enzyme action, classification of enzymes, clinical enzymology.
4. Vitamin - definition, classification, sources, daily requirements, functions, deficiency manifestations and hypervitaminoses.
5. Overview of Biological oxidation - respiratory chain - energy capture.
6. Digestion and absorption from GI tract.
7. General aspects of metabolism.
8. Intermediary metabolism of carbohydrates
9. Overview of lipid metabolism comprising of fatty acid oxidation, synthesis, lipoproteins, acyl glycerols, cholesterol synthesis and disposal, ketosis, fatty liver atherosclerosis and hyperlipoproteinemias, obesity.
10. Overview of protein and amino acid metabolism.
Disposal of nitrogen - urea cycle - transamination and deamination, disposal of carbon skeletons of amino acids, formation of special products from amino acids and their biological significance.
11. Synthesis and breakdown of hemoglobin, jaundice, classification and importance, bile pigments and their significance porphrias.
12. Degradation of purines and pyrimidines and associated disorders.
13. Overview of metabolism of minerals and trace elements, their sources, daily requirements, biochemical and physiological functions, deficiency manifestations and toxicities - water metabolism.
14. General concepts of hormones, their biochemical functions, mechanisms of action of hormones in general.
15. Body fluids, acid base balance, renal functions.
16. Energy metabolism and nutrition.
17. Basic concepts of hepatobiliary, thyroid, adrenocortical and medullary pancreatic function tests.
18. Elementary knowledge of molecular biology including DNA organisation and repair, replication, RNA processing, genetic code, mutations, recombinant DNA and its application in medicine and allied sciences.
TEXT BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Biochemistry by Ottaway and Apps - ELBS edition 1983 or latest edition.
2. Text book of Biochemistry by A.V.S.S. Rama Rao (1986) L.K. & S Publishers, Tanuku, Andhra Pradesh.
3. Text book of Biochemistry by Ranganatha Rao (1987) Prentice Hall India Limited.
BOOKS FOR FURTHER READING:
1. Harper's Review of Biochemistry by D.W. Hartin et al (1986 Latest - Lange Medical Publications.
2. Text book of Medical Biochemistry - by S. Ramakrishnan et al (1982) Latest - Orient Longman Limited.
3. Principles of Biochemistry by Lehninger A.L. (1982) Latest Worth N.Y.
4. Biochemistry - case oriented approach by Montgo18ory Latest C.V. Mosby.
II and III year
PAPER I - Biophysical Chemistry and Techniques related to Biochemistry
1. Acids, Bases, Buffer system in living body
2. Osmosis and Osmotic pressure
a) Distribution of fluids in body compartments.
b) Surface tension and viscosity
c) Colloidal system - preparation - protective action emulsification - colloidal systems of biological importance - their application and role in human body.
d) Dialysis, semipermeable membrane, Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium.
e) Diffusion and absorption mechanisms - their application to biological systems.
3. Equilibria of biochemical reactions
4. Centrifugation techniques
5. Chromatographic techniques
6. Principles and techniques of photometry and Colorimetry
7. Principles, instrumentation, techniques and applications of electron spin resonance, Nuclear Magnetic resonance, crystallography Mass spectrometry.
8. Principles of radioactivity, nature and types
9. Electrophoresis - Principles, types and their applications in biological systems.
PAPER II - Foods, Human Nutrition and Dietetics
Foods:
1. Introduction of food science
2. Study of foods
3. Food fees
4. Nutrification of food
Human Nutrition and Dietetics:
1. Emergence, scope and methodology of nutrition as science
2. Concepts of adequate and balanced diet
3. Food energy (carbohydrate, protein, fat) and individual nutrients (Vitamins and minerals) with special reference to -
a) distribution in body and biochemical rate
b) amount in ordinary foods
c) digestion, absorption, transport, storage, disposal.
d) requirements and recommended allowances and their modifications under stress.
e) effects of their deficiency and excesses
f) incidence, etiology and prevention of diseases
g) inter relation with other nutrients
4. Assessment of nutritional status of an individual and community.
5. Nutritional and food requirements to meet the needs of infants, preschool, school children, adolescents, adults, geriatric group pregnancy, and lactation.
6. Formulation of balanced diets, nutritional adaptation.
7. Common disorders of nutrition
8. Diet therapy or formulation of therapeutic diets
PAPER III BIO-ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND BIO-STATISTICS
1. Carbohydrates, Monosaccharides, Oligosaccharides, Homoglycans, Heteroglycans
2. Lipids
3. Heterocyclic systems, furans, pyran, thiazole, indole, imidzole, pyridine, pyrididine, purine, guinone, isoalloxasone, pteridine, corium compounds - porphyrins, classification, properties and structure
4. Proteins
5. Nucleic acids and Nucleoproteins
6. Structure and functions, properties of antibiotics
7. Biostatistics
PAPER IV ENZYMES, VITAMINS AND BIOENERGETICS
1. Enzymes in details
2. Bioenergetics
PAPER V INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM AND REGULATION
1. Introduction to methods of studying intermediary metabolism whole organism studies
2. Intermediary metabolism of carbohydrates
3. Lipid metabolism
4. Protein and amino acid metabolism
5. Nucleic acid metabolism
6. Metabolism of xenobiotics
7. Mineral metabolism
PAPER VI CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
1. Cell Biology
2. Molecular Biology
PAPER VII ENDOCRINOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
1. Endocrinology
2. Immunology
PAPER VIII CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
1. Role of biochemistry in diagnosis of diseases.
2. Gastrointestinal tract
3. Hepatobiliary system
4. Excretory system
5. Disorders of carbohydrates metabolism
6. Disorders of nitrogen metabolism
7. Disorders of lipid metabolism
8. Blood and coagulation
9. Mineral metabolism
10. Inherited disorders of metabolism
11. Clinical Enzymology
12. Endocrine system
13. Acid base balance
14. Fluid and electrolyte balance
TEXT BOOKS RECOMMENDED:
1. Harper's Review of Biochemistry - Ed By David Martin et al Lange Medical Publications 1987/Latest.
2. Metabolic control and disease – Ed. Roxenburg and Philip K. Bondy W.B. Saunders - Latest.
3. Biochemistry - A case oriented approach by Montogommoiry - CV Moshy Vo. / Latest.
4. Biochemistry - A functional approach by Mc Gilvery - W.B. Saunders Co., Latest.
5. Principles of Biochemist Vol. I and II by White Handler Smith al - Latest Edition McGraw Hill Publication.
6. Text book of Clinical Chemistry by Norbert Tietc – 1986 W.B. Saunders Co., Latest.
7. Metabolic Basis of inherited diseases by Stanbury, Wyngarden et aI, W.B. Saunders Co., Latest.
